The considerable advantage of Umrah and hajj

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The considerable advantage of Umrah and hajj

O Muslims: Allah has made the respected Ka^bah a goal for a huge number of Muslims who come each year from by a wide margin to visit this holy place. They all meet there in spite of their different foundations, nationalities, dialects and skin shading. Hajj is a yearly Islamic social affair went to by a huge number of Muslims who come joined under the flag of the certification of confidence "Nobody is God aside from Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah". They supplicate to Allah, present themselves and frame close bonds fortifying their fraternity and sisterhood with one another.Whether you are rich or poor, youthful or old and Arab or not has no bearing as far as devotion, rather, what does is one's level of acquiescence to Allah.

Dear siblings in Islam,

Satisfying the deeds of Hajj conveys numerous awesome advantages to the travelers and if just Muslims understand the centrality of these advantages they would positively race to perform Hajj.

The immense implications of fraternity and value among Muslims show up in its best picture, amid journey. In the wake of having evacuated all their adorned and common garments the travelers put on the garments of Ihram which resemble the covers of the dead. They submit themselves to their maker, Allah and say:

لبيك اللهم لبيك لا شريك لك لبيك إن الحمد والنعمة لك والملك لا شريك لك

Gracious Brothers in Islam, Hajj is a practice of tolerance in conquering hardships.

The call of the pioneer (talbeyah) serves as an indication of a period when Angel Israfil on the Day of Judgment blows the horn denoting the begin of Resurrection Day.

Performing sa^i between Mount As-Safa and Mount Al-Marwah is expressive of one's appreciation to Allah for making the city of Makkah a sheltered place. It is likewise reminiscent of what Lady Hajar did when hunting down water for her dear child Isma^il ^alayhis-Salam, while having a total dependence on Allah, Her Creator. Allah subhanahu wa-ta^ala assuaged her from her stresses and battle in furnishing her with the unadulterated and favored water, Zamzam.

There are extraordinary implications in being available in the place where there is ^Arafat. The traveler witnesses the mass measure of individuals congestion the pile of ^Arafat and hears their noisy supplicating voices to Allah subhanahu wa-ta^ala, with outright humbleness seeking after Allah's kindness.

Tossing the three Jamarat is one of the essentials of Hajj and is from one perspective typical of the Muslim's dismissal to Satan and then again a satisfaction of God's requests. Tossing the Jamarat as Prophet Ibrahim did when Satan appeared to him communicates the Muslim's dismissal of Satan's whisperings as though one is stating to Satan: on the off chance that you appear to us we will toss rocks at you to embarrass you a similar way Prophet Ibrahim did.

The significance of Tawaf is to extol the hallowed Ka^bah. It symbolizes the solidarity among Muslims, and their relentlessness in obeying Allah, the one and only deserving of love. Individuals circumambulate the sacrosanct House, the Holy Ka^bah, with extreme accommodation to Allah as though saying:

"O Lord, No matter how often we circumambulate and turn, we have no place to go however to look for shelter with You."

Circumambulating the Ka^bah does not imply that Allah abides in it. The conviction of all Muslims is that Allah needn't bother with the ka^bah, different spots, or any of his manifestations. Allah exists without a place, and doesn't take after any of His manifestations. Allah is not a body or a shape. Whatever one envisions in one's mind Allah is unique in relation to it.

Dear siblings in Islam the genuine achievement is in grasping the right conviction, the statement of faith of the Prophet peace be upon him and his buddies.

May Allah give us the capacity to play out the journey and ^umrah and the respect of going to Prophet Muhammad's grave. Ameen.

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Restrictions for a person in the state of Ihraam

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Restrictions for a person in the state of Ihraam

Restrictions for a person in the state of Ihraam is a person who made intention and entered into one of the two sacred rituals, Hajj or 'Umrah, accompanied by the removal of normal clothing and putting on special clothing and then reciting the Talbiyah.
There are certain restrictions that apply to the one who assumes this state.

The following are the acts that are not permitted:

Sexual intercourse and all matters leading to it:
Sexual intercourse and all matters leading to it such as kissing, touching and similar things nullify the Hajj or 'Umrah completely and the one who does so must sacrifice a camel. If he cannot find one, he must fast ten days, and along with that, he must make up (for the Hajj) another year. However, it is still mandatory to continue with it (i.e. the remaining acts of Hajj or 'Umrah) until it is complete.

Ali, 'Umar and Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with them, issued a verdict concerning a man who had sexual intercourse with his wife in the state of Ihraam. In this verdict, they said: "They both continue to perform (the remaining Hajj rites) for their own face (i.e. to save them embarrassment) until they complete their Hajj. Then they must perform Hajj (again) in the future and they must sacrifice an animal"

As for the things that lead to sexual intercourse, the one who does them must sacrifice an animal, meaning to slaughter a sheep.

Disputing, arguing or fighting with people:
Allah Says (what means): {…Whosoever intends to perform Hajj (therein by assuming Ihraam), then he should not have sexual relations (with his wife), nor commit sin, nor dispute unjustly during the Hajj…} [Quran 2:197]

On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "He who performs Hajj, committing no obscenity, nor wickedness, nor wrangling, will return home free of sins as the day his mother bore him." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

In this case, as well as the rest of the sins, like backbiting, gossiping and everything that enters under the wording "Al-Fusooq" (wickedness or sin), the person must repent and seek Allah’s forgiveness. This is because there’s nothing reported in Islam that has made any expiation for them other than repentance and seeking Allah’s forgiveness.

Wearing any form-fitting garment:
Such as a shirt, hooded robes, cloak, underpants or wrapping anything around the head, a cap or a fez, etc.
The one who does it must make a compensation, which is fasting three days, or feeding six poor people with a Mudd (750 grams) of fine wheat each, or slaughtering a sheep. This is due to Allah’s saying (which means): {So whoever among you is ill or he has an ailment on his head (i.e. his hair), then he must make a cimoensation of fasting or giving charity or sacrificing (an animal).} [Quran; 2:196]

Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "A person in the state of Ihraam is not allowed to wear a form-fitting shirt, a turban, a hooded robe, underpants, […] shoes or sewn slippers, unless one is unable to find regular unsewn slippers, then one may wear his shoes provided one cuts them down to the ankles."  [Al-Bukhari and Muslim] These restrictions apply to men only.
As for a woman, she may wear all of the above. But she is forbidden to use perfumed clothes, a veil that covers the face (tied around it), or gloves.

Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: "Allah's Messenger sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) forbade women pilgrims from wearing gloves, Niqaab (veils tied on the face) […]. Besides these, they may wear anything else, any color, silk clothes, ornaments, trousers, or a shirt or shoes." [Abu Daawood, Al-Bayhaqi and Al-Haakim]

The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "A pilgrim woman must neither cover her face nor wear gloves." [Al-Bukhari and Ahmad] This proves that a woman in the state of Ihraam should not cover her face and hands. The scholars, however, say that there is no harm if she covers her face with something other than a Niqaab. She may also use an umbrella or similar item as a screen between men and herself. But if she is afraid of tempting others she must cover her face by drawing a veil down from her head.

'Aa’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: "Men on camels used to pass by us while we were with the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) and in the state of Ihraam. We would cover our faces by drawing veils down from our heads when they passed by us, and then uncover them again." [Abu Daawood and Ibn Maajah]

Contracting a marriage, or acting on behalf of others, or acting as a guardian for someone:
Such a marriage contract is invalid, null and void, and is not binding. The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "A person in the state of Ihraam must not contract marriage, nor help others contract marriage, nor get engaged for marriage." [Muslim]

In this case, the person must repent and seek Allah’s forgiveness. There’s nothing reported in Islam that has made any expiation other than repentance and seeking Allah’s forgiveness.

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Source: islamweb.net

Allah; The Light of Heavens and Earth

 source: saudigazette.com.sa

Allah; The Light of Heavens and Earth

The word “light” carries a popular meaning; that which lightens dark bodies so that we can see them. So by light, things become apparent and visible. This is the first meaning to which the word light was initially identified. Light itself is basically obvious and visible; there is nothing else that lightens it.

The word “light” has been used over 30 times in the Qur’an. In some verses it means faith, in others it means Islam or Qur’an or justice or Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

It also implies more meanings, such as in the verse, {Allah is the Light of the Heavens and Earth. The example of His light is like a nice within which is a lamp; the lamp is within glass, the glass as if it were a pearly [white] star lit from [the oil of] a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almot glow even if untouched by fire. Light upon light. Allah guides to His light whom He wills. And Allah presents example for the people, and Allah is Knowing of all things.} [Chapter 24, verse 35]

According to the scholars, the meaning of the verse is that Allah has lit the Heavens and the Earth. So all the light, which is in the Heavens and the Earth and on the Day of Judgment is from the Light of Allah.

Light is of two kinds: the created light and the uncreated light. The created light is found in the world, like the light of the sun, moon and stars, the light from electricity and fire. Likewise, the light in the Hereafter and in Paradise, these are all created and they are a creation of Allah.
The uncreated light is an Attribute of Allah. Allah is far exalted and praised with all His Attributes and He is the Creator unlike His creation. So, the Light of Allah is uncreated, rather it is one of His Lofty Attributes. This is the Magnificent Nur (light) with which He has described Himself in the verse in the Qur’an and it is not created. It is an Attribute of Allah like His Hearing, Sight, Hand and other Lofty Attributes.
This verse falls under the category of allegory, to explain the parable to reach the intellective sense of people.

Ibn Kathir has also explained this parable based on the narrations and descriptions of earlier generation of scholars.

{Allah is the light of the heavens and the earth} means that He is a Guide to the inhabitants of the Heavens and the Earth (Ibn Abbas)

The light in the verse is ‘light that illuminates the Heavens and the Earth’ (Ismaeel Ibn Abdur-Rahmaan Ibn Abu Kareemah, also known as As-Suddi)

“There is no night or day with your Lord; the Light of the Throne comes from the Light of His Face.” (As narrated by Ibn Masud)

The “lamp” in the verse refers to the light that in turn refers to the Qur’an and the faith that is in a believer’s heart. (Ubayy bin Kaab).

{Light upon Light} refers to the faith and the deeds that are based on that faith. (Ibn Abbas)

{Light upon Light} refers to the light of the Qur’an combined with the light of the faith. (Ismaeel Ibn Abdur-Rahmaan Ibn Abu Kareemah, also known as As-Suddi)

Ubayy ibn Ka`b said that the similitude of His light [takes place in] the Muslim’s heart. [Ibn Kathir, 3:464] This light, which Allah has placed in the hearts of the believers, comes from the awareness, love, faith, and the remembrance of Allah. It is the light that He has sent down to people. Its origin is in their hearts, but then Allah strengthens and increases that light until it appears upon their faces. Have you ever met a person whose face was just illuminating with the radiance and light that comes from faith in Allah? People of this nature perceive the light of Allah.

On the Day of Judgment, the light will come forth by their faith, and hasten before them in the darkness of the bridge or sirat, so that they might cross it. They will proceed in proportion to either its strength or its weakness in their hearts during their life in the world.

Allah is the only provider of the light in the universe, whether it is physical light or the light of guidance. Everything in this universe is dependent on the guidance given by Allah for its operation and for maintaining its balance and symmetry necessary for its optimal performance. Then the verse describes the quality of the light of guidance provided by Allah, it is the most superb kind of soft light that shines through, without blinding with brightness or being hazy with dimness. The lives of those who follow His guidance by believing in Him and remaining conscious of His presence are so well illuminated that they clearly see the path to ultimate success without being distracted or confused by the alleys and detours that may lead them astray.

That Sublime Existence who encompasses all the stations of perfection at once; His sacred Light embraces the entirety of existence and illuminates the Heavens and the Earth. He is the all-Knowing Creator whose eternal radiance infuses life in the creation and bestows assistance to them. He controls, nurtures, and completes them through His power. The Light of His existence shines forth and is clearly manifest across the expanse of existence.

Source: saudigazette.com.sa

A successful Haj

source: whatisislamabout.com

A successful Haj

THE 2016 Haj season recently concluded with the pilgrims and officials alike terming it a safe, convenient and successful Haj— all the ingredients that go into the recipe called success. All pilgrims performed their fifth pillar rituals in peace and security. It was by far a very smooth Haj that concluded with no accidents. The sight of 1.8 million pilgrims traveling in unison to the holy sites at specified times, gathering and praying to Allah, was breathtaking. We all wish these pilgrims a safe journey back home and we are looking forward to host millions of pilgrims to perform their rituals in peace next year.

What was amazing about this year’s Haj, which is a seamless continuation of last year’s edition, the year before and previous ones, is the participation of our youth to serve the guests of Allah. We have seen them in all ages, men and women, not hesitating to provide any and every help the pilgrims may need. The concept of volunteering to serve pilgrims at holy sites only shows that our youth’s sense of responsibility is growing. The hard work they displayed at the holy sites is only an indication that a bright future is awaiting this country when this generation comes of age and joins the workforce by bringing this quality of hard work to their careers. I have seen and been told by many who performed Haj this year that our scouts played an important and vital role in providing guidance to lost pilgrims, helping families to find their missing children and loved ones and transporting injured and older pilgrims on wheelchair.

Our security officers — the eyes that never sleep — should be thanked for their efforts to ensure a safe and smooth Haj. In every corner, they were there watching, round the clock, and organizing the pilgrims’ movements in sync with the established plans for various sites. Despite bound by their duty, they went beyond the call of duty to assist those in need. They even carried pilgrims on their backs if they were not able to walk. We have seen hundreds of pictures and many video clips of officers providing assistance to those in need without them knowing that they were being filmed or photographed. They seek no reward but the reward from Allah to serve His guests with honor.

We have seen tired police officers and security forces beat their exhaustion with a quick shuteye and are back on their feet for yet another round of selfless service. They rest or sleep under bridges on the hard concrete in hot weather for a brief period and come back rejuvenated before joining the line of their fellow officers to organize, guide and protect pilgrims. The scene on the last day of Haj as pilgrims were exiting Mina with the officers standing on the side of the road waving goodbye to pilgrims was a heart-rending one, especially with the pilgrims greeting the officers back and some shaking their hands. In addition many were praying to Allah that they would come back one day to perform the pilgrimage again, while officers wished them a safe journey back home.

The Health Ministry played an integral role in this year’s Haj by providing treatment for sick and infirm pilgrims and even transporting and accompanying sick pilgrims all the way across the holy sites with a complete medical team, until they completed their pilgrimage. I watched the other day a special coverage on the efforts by the Health Ministry through the Snapchat account of Fares Al-Turki, Saudi entrepreneur, who revealed the whole gamut of the ministry’s efforts in keeping the pilgrims healthy and safe. He said that heart catheterization and open-heart surgeries are taking place alongside the prompt treatment for light and sunstroke cases.
While Al-Turki was filming, a doctor said that they had performed 27 open-heart surgeries on pilgrims and 300 heart catheterization operations.
Pilgrims who come form poor countries take advantage of the free medical services provided to pilgrims to get these operations done at no cost. It is said that some of the machines installed in the heart of pilgrims cost more than SR100,000 and it is provided free to pilgrims. The government, represented by the Health Ministry here, does not ask for their nationalities or where they come from, but provide all help to keep the pilgrims safe and healthy.

We thank all the other related authorities that participated in contributing to the success of this year’s Haj, all in their posts, working diligently and selflessly. I cannot highlight the services of every individual or authority as the space for this article is limited to mention all their efforts. But we acknowledge their efforts that energized the journey of a lifetime for a pilgrim. At the same time, we feel sorry for the Iranian pilgrims, who were deprived by their own government from performing Haj this year. We wish that Iran would come to its senses, if they have any, and finally understand that Haj is not a political occasion to push their ideology, but a spiritual journey of devotees and many stages of servitude in their worship of Allah.

The authorities are to be thanked that the squatting problem, which was a major one in the past, has dropped dramatically this year following a clampdown on illegal pilgrims. The numbers are also down sharply due to the awareness campaign on squatting as a problem and the tough punishment imposed on violating people.
Our aim to serve the guests of Allah will continue forever and whatever suggestions for improvement or ways to better serve pilgrims will be implemented next year. The only thing I wish is to see next year is the cost of performing Haj to drop to an affordable level. Once again all our thanks to those who participated and made sure that our guests are safe and sound.

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Source: saudigazette.com.sa

Universal Lessons of Hajj

islamicity.org

Universal Lessons of Hajj

The current state of affairs both within and outside the Muslim world greatly increases the relevance of some of the spiritual and universal messages inherent in the Hajj.

Millions of pilgrims from all over the world will be converging on Mecca in the coming days. They will retrace the footsteps of millions who have made the spiritual journey to the valley of Mecca since the time of Adam.

Hajj literally means, “to continuously strive to reach one’s goal.” It is the last of the five pillars of Islam (the others include a declaration of faith in one God, five daily prayers, offering regular charity, and fasting during the month of Ramadan). Pilgrimage is a once-in-a-lifetime obligation for those who have the physical and financial ability to undertake the journey.

The Hajj is essentially a re-enactment of the rituals of the great prophets and teachers of faith. Pilgrims symbolically relive the experience of exile and atonement undergone by Adam and Eve after they were expelled from Heaven, wandered the earth, met again and sought forgiveness in the valley of Mecca. They also retrace the frantic footsteps of the wife of Abraham, Hagar, as she ran between the hills of Safa and Marva searching for water for her thirsty baby (which according to Muslim tradition, God answered with the well of Zam Zam). Lastly, the pilgrims also commemorate the willingness of Abraham to sacrifice his son for the sake of God. God later substituted a ram in place of his son.

Yet, the Hajj is more than these elaborate rituals. The faithful hope that it will bring about a deep spiritual transformation, one that will make him or her a better person. If such a change within does not occur, then the Hajj was merely a physical and material exercise devoid of any spiritual significance.

As all great religions teach, we are more than mere physical creatures in that we possess an essence beyond the material world. Indeed, this is why all great religions have a tradition of pilgrimage. In the Islamic tradition, Hajj encapsulates this spiritual journey toward this essence.

As Islamic scholar Ebrahim Moosa asks rhetorically: “after paying homage to the two women Eve and Hagar in the rites of pilgrimage, how can some Muslims still violate the rights and dignity of women in the name of Islam? Is this not a contradiction?”

Indeed, the Qur’an teaches: “I shall not lose sight of the labor of any of you who labors in my way, be it man or woman; each of you is equal to the other.” (Quran 3:195)

Clearly, the white sea of men and women side by side performing tawaf (circling) around the Kaaba (the stone building Muslims believe was originally built by Adam and rebuilt by Abraham and his son Ishmael) should lay to rest any claim that Islam — as opposed to some Muslims — degrades women.

The fact that millions of Muslims transcending geographical, linguistic, level of practice, cultural, ethnic, color, economic and social barriers converge in unison on Mecca, attests to the universality of the Hajj. It plants the seed to celebrate the diversity of our common humanity. Pilgrims return home enriched by this more pluralistic and holistic outlook and with a new appreciation for their own origins.

One of the most celebrated Western Hajjis (one who has completed the Hajj) is none other than African-American civil rights leader El-Hajj Malik El Shabbaz, more commonly known as Malcolm X. The man who was renowned for preaching that whites were “devils” — especially the blond, blue-eyed ones — profoundly reassessed these views during the Hajj. This transformation, of course, sealed his break with the Black nationalist movement of the Nation of Islam.

Contrary to the teachings of the Nation, he concluded that Islam encompassed all of humanity and transcended race and culture. Malcolm X later said, “In my 39 years on this Earth, the holy city of Mecca had been the first time I had ever stood before the Creator of all and felt like a complete human.”

In Mecca, he discovered himself mixing with, “fellow Muslims, whose eyes were the bluest of blue, whose hair was the blondest of blond, and whose skin was whitest of white.” Malcolm X was so inspired by what he witnessed, that, in letters to friends and relatives, he wrote, “America needs to understand Islam, because this is the one religion that erases from its society the race problem.”

Upon returning to America, he embarked on a mission to enlighten both blacks and whites with his new views. Malcolm X understood that in order to truly learn from the Hajj, its inherent spiritual lessons must extend beyond the fraternal ties of Muslims to forging a common humanity with others.

In fact, as part of the spiritual experience, the pilgrimage links people across religions through a past shared by several Abrahamic traditions. This combined with the Islamic teaching of the common origin of humanity holds out much hope. Indeed, the Qur’an teaches: “We created you from a single pair of a male and female (Adam and Eve), and made you into nations and tribes that ye may know each other and not that you might despise each other. The most honored of you in the sight of God is the most righteous of you” (Quran 49:13). This is a great celebration of the differences and at the same time unity of all of humanity.

Another essential spiritual message of the Hajj is one of humility to God and His supremacy and control over all that we know. The multitude of people and their inner beliefs and practices are all to be judged by God and God alone in His infinite wisdom and full knowledge. Indeed, as the Qur’an insists, “Let there be no compulsion in matters of faith, truth stands out clear from error.” (Quran 2:256)

The result of a successful Hajj is a rich inner peace, which is manifested outwardly in the values of justice, honesty, respect, generosity, kindness, forgiveness, mercy and empathy. And it is these values – all attributes of God almighty — that are indispensable to us all if we are just to get along in this world.

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Source: islamicity.org

Ten blessed days of Dul Hijjah

arabnews.com

Ten blessed days of Dul Hijjah

IT is the time of the year again when we see millions of people from every corner of the world gathering in Makkah for Haj, which is the largest annual religious gathering that humanity knows. It is not just the number of people, but also the diversity that is stunning. Indeed, the heart of every believer soars with joy and the eyes well up when they watch the live transmissions being aired from the holy sites and every single one of them wishes that he/she was one of the blessed ones performing Haj.

It all started when Allah commanded Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) to build His House, purify it and then call people to it for pilgrimage. Allah talks about this, in Surah Al Haj and says: “And when We designated for Ibraheem the site of the House, [saying], ‘Do not associate anything with Me and purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who stand [in prayer] and those who bow and prostrate. And proclaim to the people the Haj; they will come to you on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every distant pass.’” (Qur’an 22:26-27)

Ibn Katheer said in his commentary on these verses: “This means: Allah says, Proclaim (O Ibrahim) the Haj to the people, calling them to come on pilgrimage to this House which We have commanded you to build. It was mentioned that Ibrahim said, “O Lord, how can I proclaim it to the people when my voice does not reach them?” He said, “Call and We will convey it.” So he stood in his maqaam (Station of Ibraheem) — or it was said, on the rock, or on Al-Safa, or on Abu-Qubays (a mountain) — and said: “O people, your Lord has taken a House, so come to it on pilgrimage.”

Praise be to the One Who has made His House "a place of return for the people and (a place of) security." (2:125). The hearts of those who love Allah are naturally attached to the House of the Beloved. Every time they see its image from afar they long for it and every time they are away from it they want to return. Although this narration amazes us, it also saddens many who are unable to undertake this amazing journey, either due to financial reasons, family obligations, or any other reason that may exist. Allah knows the state of hearts and He is especially Merciful toward His believing slaves when He decrees that whenever one resolves to do an act of worship but he is unable to do it because of some excuse, he will be granted the reward of one who does it.

This is proven by the incident when the Messenger (peace be upon him) came back from the campaign of Tabook and when he drew close to Madinah he said: “In Madinah there are some people who, whenever you marched or crossed a valley, were with you (gaining similar rewards).” The companions said: “O Messenger of Allah, but they were in Madinah.” He said, “They were in Madinah because some excuse kept them back.” (Al-Bukhari-4423)

We can also get the ultimate rewards of Haj, right from where we are. According to a Hadith, whoever prays Fajr prayer in congregation, then sits and remembers Allah until the sun rises, and then prays 2 rakahs of voluntary prayer (Al-ishraq), he will gain a reward equal to that of performing a perfect, perfect, perfect Haj and Umrah. (Al-Albaani, Saheeh Al-Jaami’-6346)

Furthermore, Allah has made the month of Haj, Dul Hijjah blessed, and the first ten days of this month have been made the best ten days of the year so all good deeds done in this season carry extra rewards.

The evidence of this has been reported in both the Qur’an and the Sunnah. Allah says: “By the dawn. And by the ten nights.” (Qur’an 89:1-2) The ten nights refer to the first ten days of Dul-Hijjah according to Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and others. (Tafsir Ibn Katheer)

The Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “There are no days in which righteous actions are more beloved to Allah than these ten days...” (Al-Bukhari, 2/457)

Therefore, for those of us who are unable to be in Makkah right now for Haj, let’s value these special days of the year and maximize our efforts to excel in various good deeds. We can:
u Pray all obligatory prayers on time and try to pray extra voluntary prayers for extra reward.

u Fast as the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to fast on the first nine days of Dul-Hijjah. (Saheeh Abi Dawood-2/462). And when the Prophet (peace be upon him) was asked about fasting on the 9th — The Day of ‘Arafah, he said: “It expiates (sins) for the past year and the coming year.” (Muslim-1162)

u Keep our tongues moist with Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar), Tahmeed (Alhamdulillaah), Tahleel (La ilaha ill-Allah) and Tasbeeh (SubhanAllah)

u Try to read the Qur'an as much as possible as ‘every letter earns us more than ten rewards’ (Tirmidhi-2910).

u Increase in our worship, repentance and dua during the day and during the night.

u Give charity and help those who are less fortunate to prepare for Eid.

u Restrain our tempers and our tongues from evil or idle talk, try being patient in upholding ties with relatives even if they are rude to us.

u Share sacrificial meat with the poor and be cheerful with everyone.

These ten days are truly special days of great gains and profits. The smart trader is the one who makes the most of this special season to increase his profits and seek nearness to His Master, whether he is at Makkah or not. May Allah guide us to be of the wise ones who do their best to get the maximum reward. Ameen.

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Source:arabnews.com

Amazing facts in the Holy Qur’an

Amazing facts in the Holy Qur’an

Amazing facts in the Holy Qur’anThe guidelines to live by which were revealed in the Holy Qur’an, in essence, are for the protection and preservation of our health and wellbeing.

The Holy Qur’an is a book of guidance to mankind; to help us lead a balanced, healthy, and righteous life, to connect to the Creator, and to build harmonious societies.

In the Holy Qur’an is guidance, healing, glad tidings to the believers, stories of the past, stories of the prophets, but also scientific and medical facts that have amazed scientists and researchers.

Dr. Mohammad Jamil Habbal, consultant physician at Procare Hospital in Al-Khobar, has extensively studied the Holy Qur’an, analyzing the verses that mention scientific phenomena which have been discovered by modern day scientists. In his research, Dr. Habbal found that the medical sciences were referred to in the Holy Qur’an 416 times, astronomy and cosmology was referred to 105 times, and geography 98 times.

According to Dr. Habbal, “There are around 70 verses praising science and scientists, encouraging them to be involved in discovering the universe for the good of humanity. The first five verses revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) ordered him to read and learn.”

For example, the following verse encourages mothers to breastfeed their newborns.

{Mothers may nurse [i.e. breastfeed] their children two complete years for whoever wishes to complete the nursing [period]}. (Chapter 2, verse 233)
According to a report by the World Health Organization, breastfeeding is the optimal way of providing young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development. Colostrum, the yellowish, sticky breast milk produced at the end of pregnancy, is recommended by the World Health Organization as the perfect food for the newborn, and feeding should be initiated within the first hour after birth. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended up to 6 months of age, with continued breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond.

The development of the human embryo was described with precision in the Holy Qur’an.

{Then We placed him as a sperm-drop in a firm lodging [i.e. the womb]. Then We made the sperm-drop into a clinging clot, and We made the clot into a lump [of flesh], and We made [from] the lump, bones, and We covered the bones with flesh; then We developed him into another creation. So blessed is Allah, the best of creators.} (Chapter 23, verses 13-14)

If a sperm cell penetrates the egg, fertilization results. The fertilized egg divides rapidly and attaches to the lining of the uterus. The internal organs are developed, and the development of the bone structure begins in the third week. By the end of the fifth week, the embryo has doubled in size and has grown a tail-like structure. Images of the embryo in this stage are so different from what the infant looks like at birth. Indeed, when the infant emerges it looks like another creature, as mentioned in the above verse.

The anatomy of the brain was mentioned in a verse of the Holy Qur’an, which alludes to the fact that the area of the brain where lying takes place is in the frontal lobe of the brain.

{A lying, sinning nasiyah [ forelock]} (Chapter 96, verse 16)
The nasiyah in Arabic is the forehead or forelock. The part of the brain called the prefrontal cortex is situated just behind the forehead or forelock.

Over the last decade, scientists have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to more accurately locate regions of the brain that change when a person lies. This technique measures changes in blood flow in the brain — a reflection of neural activity — as people answer questions while inside the scanner. The resulting images pinpoint brain activity in specific regions during the lie.

The most consistent finding across multiple MRI studies is that activity in the prefrontal cortex increases when people lie.

The verse in the Qur’an that addresses the prohibition of alcohol in Islam points to the fact that there may be some health benefit in wine, but its detrimental effects on human health far outweigh the small good that it may contain.

{They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, “In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their benefit.”} (Chapter 2, verse 219)

After establishing that drinking wine is harmful to human health, another verse in the Holy Qur’an was revealed which shows the prohibition of alcohol.

{O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling [sacrificing on] stone altars [to other than Allah], and divining arrows
are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful} (Chapter 5, verse 90)

Although some studies may have indicated that red wine may be heart healthy, the Chief Medical Officer in the UK has issued new guidelines for alcohol consumption which warn that drinking any amount of alcohol increases the risk of a number of types of cancer, including breast cancer.

Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways, and can affect the way the brain looks and works. These disruptions can change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination.

In addition, alcohol consumption over time can lead to the development of chronic diseases including high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and digestive problems. It also increases the risk for cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, and colon. It can lead to memory problems and mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.

The Holy Qur’an was a miracle during the time of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and will continue to be a miracle to the end of time. The word day is repeated in the Holy Qur’an 365 times, and the word month is found in the Qur’an 12 times.

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Source: saudigazette.com.sa

Hajj is obligatory for women as it is for men

Hajj is obligatory for women as it is for men

Al-Nawawi said: They are unanimously agreed that Hajj is obligatory upon a woman if she is able to do it. Sharh Saheeh Muslim.

Hajj is fard ‘ayn (an individual obligation) which every Muslim who is accountable and is able to do it must do once in a lifetime. It is one of the pillars of Islam, an obligation which is proven to be so in the Qur’aan and Sunnah, and by scholarly consensus.

In the Qur’aan, Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the House (Ka‘bah) is a duty that mankind owes to Allaah, those who can afford the expenses (for one’s conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allaah], then Allaah stands not in need of any of the ‘Aalameen (mankind, jinn and all that exists)”[Aal ‘Imraan 3:97]

This aayah clearly states that it is obligatory. When the Qur’aan says “a duty that mankind owes to Allaah” this implies that it is obligatory and compulsory. This is the evidence that it is fard. Indeed, we find that the Qur’aan emphatically states that it is obligatory, in the phrase “and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allah], then Allah stands not in need of any of the ‘Aalameen (mankind, jinn and all that exists).” Allah describes going against this obligation as kufr or disbelief. This context shows that failing to do Hajj is not the action of a Muslim, rather it is the action of a non-Muslim.

In the Sunnah, there is the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) according to which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Islam is built on five (pillars): the testimony that there is no god except Allaah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; establishing regular prayer; paying zakaah; fasting Ramadaan; and Hajj.” 

The phrase “Islam is built…” indicates that Hajj is one of the pillars of Islam. Muslim narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave a sermon and said to us: ‘O people, Allah has enjoined Hajj upon you so perform Hajj.’ A man said, ‘Every year, O Messenger of Allah?’ He did not answer until the man had asked it three times, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘If I had said yes, it would have become obligatory and you are not able to do that.’” And there are so many ahaadeeth concerning that that it reaches the level of tawaatur which means that this obligation is something certain and definite.

With regard to ijmaa’ or scholarly consensus, the ummah is unanimously agreed that Hajj once in a lifetime is obligatory for the one who is able to do it. This is something which is well known and no Muslim has any excuse for not knowing it, and the one who denies it is a kaafir.

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Pilgrims start arriving from tomorrow

Pilgrims start arriving from tomorrow

JEDDAH — King Abdulaziz International Airport’s Haj terminal in Jeddah and Prince Muhammad International Airport in Madinah have completed all preparations for receiving pilgrims who will start arriving at these airports from Thursday (Dhul Qada 1), the first day of the Haj season of 2016.

For the coming period of two and a half months, the airports are expected to receive around 1.4 million pilgrims from all over the world.

More than 7,000 staff, representing 27 government and private agencies, will be involved in implementing the Haj plan.

According to the plan, all the lounges of the Haj terminal will be converted into arrival lounges from Dhul Qada 1 till Dhul Hijja 4 (Aug. 4 – Sept. 5) and departure lounges from Dhul Hijjah 16 to Muharram 15 (Sept. 17 to Oct. 16).

The first flight carrying pilgrims from New Delhi will land at 5.30 p.m.at Madinah airport. A total of 1,36,020 Indians will perform Haj this year.

The General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA), in coordination with the Ministry of Haj and Umrah and other agencies, has prepared a plan in line with the directive of the Saudi leadership, to fast-track the arrival procedures by taking advantage of the e-track system.

Upon arrival at the terminal, officials from the Ministry of Health will receive pilgrims and give them necessary health guidelines and services, and then they will proceed to the Passport Control to complete immigration procedures.

The Haj terminal is spread over 90,000 square meters of roofed area and 160,000 sq. meters of open area. There are 142 counters for Passports (Jawazat) and 120 counters of the Ministry of Haj.

At Madinah airport, officials of the government and private departments serving pilgrims met to finalize the Haj operation plan. It is expected that the airport will receive a total of 2,678 Haj flights, a five percent increase over last year.

Meanwhile, Prince Khaled Al-Faisal, emir of Makkah and adviser to Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and chairman of the Central Haj Committee, met Minister of Haj Muhammad Saleh Bantan at his office in Jeddah on Tuesday.

During the meeting, Prince Khaled was briefed on the second phase of the e-track and e-bracelet systems for pilgrims and GPS system for pilgrims’ buses.

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Source: saudigazette.com.sa

Women and Hajj

Women and Hajj

Despite the equality of men and women in the Islamic rulings, there are some rulings specified for women out of mercy towards them because of their different nature.

• If a woman still in her Iddah (waiting period) when she is divorced and she wants to go for Hajj, she may go but she has to be accompanied by a Mahram . However, if  the waiting period is for the death of the husband, she cannot go to Hajj for staying at home is one of the obligations of the waiting period for the wido
   
• The companionship of a Mahram is an obligation for women when she is performing Hajj. If she has got no Mahram, she cannot perform Hajj and her Hajj is not valid. Allah’s apostle (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A woman should not travel except in the company of a Mahram.” (Bukhari and Muslim)
       
• Regarding Ihram of the woman it is it like that of the man with exception to clothes: A woman should assume Ihram like and she is permitted to wear whatever clothes she likes as long as they meet the Islamic rulings. A woman cannot  wear Niqaab , Burqa' or gloves. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A woman in the state of Ihraam should not wear Niqaab or gloves.” (Bukhaari) .
       
• Talbiyah for women and hajj: unlike men, women should say Talbiyah in a low voice. and it is impermissible for her to raise her voice when saying Talbiyah in the presence of men.
       
• Ramal and Idhtibaa': The rulings of Ramal and Idhtibaa' are not applicable to women. She should not perform Ramal, Idhtibaa' or run during Sa‘i between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa.
       
• Shortening hair: A woman has to cut the length of a fingertip from her hair. Ibn Abbas said, “It is not obligatory upon women to shave their hair (after ending Ihraam), rather, it is obligatory upon them to shorten the hair.” (Abu Daawood )
       
• If a woman menstruates and does not become pure until she fears missing the company; she should not perform Tawaf until she becomes pure, for the Prophet, (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to Aa’isha when she was menstruating: “Perform each rite that the pilgrim performs with exception to performing Tawaf around the House.” (Bukhaari and Muslim). However, if she perform Tawaf, for example, lest she should miss the company, some scholars including Ibn Taymiyah, endorse the idea that it is permissible for her to perform Tawaf because of necessity.

Source:go-makkah.com

A History of the Hajj

A History of the Hajj

Hajj literally means ‘to set out for a place’. Islamicly, however, it refers to the annual pilgrimage that Muslims make to Makkah with the intention of performing certain religious rites in accordance with the method prescribed by the ProphetMuhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him.

Hajj and its rites were first ordained by God in the time of the Prophet Abraham and he was the one who was entrusted by God to build the Kaaba - the House of God - along with his son Ishmael at Makkah.  God described the Kaaba and its building as follows:

“And remember when We showed Abraham the site of the [Sacred] House [saying]: Associate not anything [in worship with Me and purify My House for those who circumambulate it [i.e. perform Tawaaf] and those who stand up for prayer and those who bow down and make prostration [in prayer etc.].”  (Quran 22:26)

After building the Kaaba, Abraham would come to Makkah to perform Hajj every year, and after his death, this practice was continued by his son.  However, gradually with the passage of time, both the form and the goal of the Hajj rites were changed.  As idolatry spread throughout Arabia, the Kaaba lost its purity and idols were placed inside it.  Its walls became covered with poems and paintings, including one of Jesus and his mother Maryand.  Eventually over 360 idols came to be placed around the Kaaba.

During the Hajj period itself, the atmosphere around the sacred precincts of the Kaaba was like a circus.  Men and women would go round the Kaaba naked, arguing that they should present themselves before God in the same condition they were born.  Their prayer became devoid of all sincere remembrance of God and was instead reduced to a series of hand clapping, whistling and the blowing of horns.  Even the Hajj call was distorted by them with the following additions: “No one is Your partner except one who is permitted by you.  You are his Master and the Master of what he possesses.”

Sacrifices were also made in the name of God.  However, the blood of the sacrificed animals was poured onto the walls of the Kaaba and the flesh was hung from pillars around the Kaaba, in the belief that God demanded the flesh and blood of these animals.

Singing, drinking, adultery and other acts of immorality was rife amongst the pilgrims and the poetry competitions, which were held, were a major part of the whole Hajj event.  In these competitions, poets would praise the bravery and splendor of their own tribesmen and tell exaggerated tales of the cowardice and miserliness of other tribes.  Competitions in generosity were also staged where the chief of each tribe would set up huge cauldrons and feed the pilgrims, only so that they could become well-known for their extreme generosity.

Thus the people had totally abandoned the teachings of their forefather and leader Abraham.  The House that he had made pure for the worship of God alone, had been totally desecrated by the pagans and the rites which he had established were completely distorted by them.  This sad state of affairs continued for nearly two and a half thousand years.  But then after this long period, the time came for the supplication of Abraham to be answered:

“Our Lord!  Send amongst them a Messenger of their own, who shall recite unto them your verses and instruct them in the book and the Wisdom and sanctify them.  Verily you are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.” (Quran 2:129)

Sure enough, a man by the name of Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullaah was born in the very city that Abraham had made this supplication centuries earlier.  For twenty-three years, the Prophet Muhammad spread the message of monotheism - the same message that Abraham and all the other Prophets came with - and established the law of God upon the land.  He expended every effort into making the word of God supreme and his victory over falsehood culminated in the smashing of the idols inside the Kaaba which once again became the universal centre for the worshippers of the one True God.

Not only did the Prophet rid the Kaaba of all its impurities, but he also reinstated all the rites of Hajj which were established by God’s Permission, in the time of Abraham.  Specific injunctions in the Quran were revealed in order to eliminate all the false rites which had become rampant in the pre-Islamic period.  All indecent and shameful acts were strictly banned in God’s statement:

“There is to be no lewdness nor wrangles during Hajj.” (Quran 2:197)

Competitions among poets in the exaltations of their forefathers and their tribesmen’s’ achievements were all stopped.  Instead, God told them:

“And when you have completed your rites [of Hajj] then remember God as you remember your forefathers; nay with a more vigorous remembrance.” (Quran 2:200)

Competitions in generosity were also prohibited.  Of course, the feeding of the poor pilgrims was still encouraged as this was done in the time of Abraham, but God commanded that the slaughtering of the animals which was done for this purpose should be done seeking the pleasure of God rather than fame and the praise of the people.  He said:

“So mention the name of God over these animals when they are drawn up in lines.  Then, when they are drawn on their sides [after the slaughter], eat thereof and feed the beggar who does not ask, and the beggar who asks.” (Quran 22:36)

As for the deplorable practice of spattering blood of the sacrificed animals on the walls of the Kaaba and hanging their flesh on altars, then God clearly informed them that: 

“It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches God, but it is Taqwaa (piety) from you that reaches Him.” (Quran 22:37)

The Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, also put a stop to the practice of circling the Kaaba in a state of nudity and the argument that the pagans put forward to justify this ritual was sharply rebutted in God’s question:

“Say: Who has forbidden the adornment [i.e. clothes] given by God which He has produced for His Slaves?” (Quran 7:32)

Another custom which was prohibited through the Quran was that of setting off for Hajj without taking any provisions for the journey.  In the pre-Islamic period, some people who claimed righteousness, having total dependency on God, would travel to perform Hajj begging food the whole journey.  They considered this form of behavior a sign of piety and an indication of how much faith they had in God.  However God told mankind that to have sufficient provisions for the journey was one of the preconditions for making Hajj.  He said

“And take a provision [with you] for the journey, but the best provision is piety.” (Quran 2:197)

In this way, all the pre-Islamic practices, which were based in ignorance, were abolished and Hajj was once more made a model of piety, fear of God, purity, simplicity and austerity.  Now, when the pilgrims reached the Kaaba, they no longer found the carnivals and the frolic and frivolity that had once occupied the minds of the pilgrims there before.  Now, there was the remembrance of God at every step and every action and every sacrifice was devoted to Him alone.  It was this kind of Hajj that was worthy of the reward of paradise, as the Prophet said:

“The reward for an accepted Hajj is nothing less than paradise.” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari)

Source: islamreligion.com

The Values of Hajj

The Values of Hajj

Hajj is a collection of actions and recitations. These collections inspire the Muslim's soul with spiritual sublime feelings.

Generally speaking, Hajj includes a number of prayers performed by the pilgrim during a definite period. Every action, word, and prayer is a symbol that inspires the soul with a vivid feeling and encompasses a secret and an objective.
 
Ihram, Talbiyah (Tawaf) (circumambulation), Saa’y, Wuquf (staying at Arafat) to name but a few, are a mixture of actions and feelings which are spiritually experienced by the pilgrim. Every action has got a deep meaning and each rite aims at the accommodation of the values of Islam and the demonstration of its purposes in a symbolic and accurate way.

Rites are performed within the hugest gatherings of people. Crowds assemble to worship Allah, the almighty.  Their target is Allah’s satisfaction and forgiveness, submission and surrender to his will.

Once a Muslim decides to perform Hajj, his heart will long to reach his purpose, Allah’s satisfaction and the purification of the self.

Performing Hajj is the sacrifice of money and many physical desires and pleasures for the sake of Allah. It leaves an everlasting mark in the Muslim’s heart to constantly remember the Almighty.

It equally renewed the society. Performing Hajj cannot be undertaken singly. Its rites have to be performed communally. Herein, lies the basic principles of Islam: Brotherhood, Unity, peace and equality.

Pilgrims coming from different nationalities will get to know each other, pray and supplicate together so that the Almighty ease their hardships and forgive them.

Source:go-makkah.com

Pilgrimage Hadeeths

Pilgrimage Hadeeths

Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abbas : Al-Fadl (his brother) was riding behind Allah's Apostle and a woman from the tribe of Khath'am came and Al-Fadl started looking at her and she started looking at him. The Prophet turned Al-Fadl's face to the other side. The woman said, "O Allah's Apostle! The obligation of Hajj enjoined by Allah on His devotees has become due on my father and he is old and weak, and he cannot sit firm on the Mount; may I perform Hajj on his behalf?" The Prophet replied, "Yes, you may." That happened during the Hajj-al-Wida (of the Prophet ).

• Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abbas : Al-Fadl (his brother) was riding behind Allah's Apostle and a woman from the tribe of Khath'am came and Al-Fadl started looking at her and she started looking at him. The Prophet turned Al-Fadl's face to the other side. The woman said, "O Allah's Apostle! The obligation of Hajj enjoined by Allah on His devotees has become due on my father and he is old and weak, and he cannot sit firm on the Mount; may I perform Hajj on his behalf?" The Prophet replied, "Yes, you may." That happened during the Hajj-al-Wida (of the Prophet ). 

• Narrated Ibn 'Umar: I saw that Allah's Apostle used to ride on his Mount at Dhul Hulaifa and used to start saying, "Labbaik" when the Mount stood upright.

• Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah : that Allah's Apostle started saying, "Labbaik" from Dhul-Hulaifa when his Mount stood upright carrying him

• Narrated Thumama bin 'Abdullah bin Anas: Anas performed the Hajj on a pack-saddle and he was not a miser. Anas said, "Allah's Apostle performed Hajj on a pack-saddle and the same Mount was carrying his baggage too." 

• Narrated Al-Qasim bin Muhammad: 'Aisha said, "O Allah's Apostle! You performed 'Umra but I did not." He said, "O 'Abdur-Rahman! Go along with your sister and let her perform 'Umra from Tan'im." 'Abdur-Rahman made her ride over the pack-saddle of a she-camel and she performed 'Umrah.

• Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet was asked, "Which is the best deed?" He said, "To believe in Allah and His Apostle." He was then asked, "Which is the next (in goodness)?" He said, "To participate in Jihad in Allah's Cause." He was then asked, "Which is the next?" He said, "To perform Hajj-Mabrur. "

• Narrated 'Aisha: (the mother of the faithful believers) I said, "O Allah's Apostle! We consider Jihad as the best deed." The Prophet said, "The best Jihad (for women) is Hajj Mabrur. "

• Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "Whoever performs Hajj for Allah's pleasure and does not have sexual relations with his wife, and does not do evil or sins then he will return (after Hajj free from all sins) as if he were born anew."

• Narrated Zaid bin Jubair: I went to visit 'Abdullah bin 'Umar at his house which contained many tents made of cotton cloth and these were encircled with Suradik (part of the tent). I asked him from where, should one assume Ihram for Umra. He said, "Allah's Apostle had fixed as Miqat (singular of Mawaqit) Qarn for the people of Najd, Dhul-Hulaifa for the people of Medina, and Al-Juhfa for the people of Sham." 

• Narrated Ibn Abbas: The people of Yemen used to come for Hajj and used not to bring enough provisions with them and used to say that they depend on Allah. On their arrival in Medina they used to beg the people, and so Allah revealed, "And take a provision (with you) for the journey, but the best provision is the fear of Allah." (2.197). 

Source: go-makkah.com

A beginner's guide to Ramadan

source: arabnews

A beginner's guide to Ramadan

Millions of Muslims around the world on Monday marked the start of Ramadan, a month of intense prayer, dawn-to-dusk fasting and nightly feasts. Others will begin fasting a day later, Tuesday, due to a moon-sighting methodology that can lead to different countries declaring the start of Ramadan a day or two apart.
Here are some questions and answers about Islam's holiest month:



WHY DO MUSLIMS FAST?


The fast is intended to bring the faithful closer to God and to remind them of the suffering of those less fortunate. Ramadan is a time to detach from worldly pleasures and focus on one's inner self.
 It's seen as a way to physically and spiritually purify, refraining from habits such as smoking and caffeine. Muslims often donate to charities during the month and feed the hungry. Many spend more time at mosques during Ramadan and use their downtime to recite the Quran.
 London's new Muslim mayor, Sadiq Khan, wrote in the Guardian that he plans to use Ramadan to "build bridges" and break bread with Muslims and non-Muslims around the city at synagogues, churches and mosques, though he acknowledged that 19-hour-long fasts during the longer summer days in Europe and forgoing coffee will be challenging.
Fasting during Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam, along with the Muslim declaration of faith, daily prayer, charity, and performing Haj.



HOW DO MUSLIMS FAST?


Muslims abstain from eating and drinking from dawn to dusk for the entire month of Ramadan. A single sip of water or a puff of a cigarette is enough to invalidate the fast.
However, Muslim scholars say it's not enough to just avoid food and drinks during the day. Ramadan is also an exercise in self-restraint. Muslims are encouraged to avoid gossip and arguments. Sexual intercourse between spouses is also forbidden during the daytime fast.
Just before the fast, Muslims have a pre-dawn meal of power foods to get them through the day, the "suhoor." Egyptians eat mashed fava beans called "ful," spiced with cumin and olive oil, while in Lebanon and Syria, popular suhoor food is flatbread with thyme, cheese or yogurt. In Afghanistan, people eat dates and dumplings stuffed with potato and leeks, first steamed, then fried.



HOW DO MUSLIMS BREAK THEIR FAST?


Muslims traditionally break their fast like Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) did some 1,400 years ago, with a sip of water and some dates at sunset. That first sip of water is the most anticipated moment of the day.
After sunset prayers, a large feast known as "iftar" is shared with family and friends. Iftar is a social event as much as it is a gastronomical adventure. Across the Arab world, apricot juices are an iftar staple. In South Asia and Turkey, yogurt-based drinks are popular. 
Every night of Ramadan, mosques and aid organizations set up tents and tables for the public to have free iftar meals.


CAN MUSLIMS BE EXEMPTED FROM FASTING?


Yes. There are exceptions for children, the elderly, those who are ill, women who are pregnant, nursing or menstruating, and people traveling, which can include athletes during tournaments.
 Many Muslims, particularly those living in the United States and Europe, are accepting and welcoming of others around them who aren't observing Ramadan. 
However, non-Muslims or adult Muslims who eat in public during the day can be fined or even jailed in some Mideast countries.

In many predominantly Muslim countries like Indonesia, karaoke bars and nightclubs are closed across much of the country for the month. Restaurants there use curtains to conceal customers who eat during the day.
 And in Egypt, the Dar Al-Ifta, which is the main authority in charge of issuing religious edits, on Monday warned against eating in public, saying this is not an act of "personal freedom, but chaos — an assault on Islam."
 In China, minority Uighur Muslims complain of heavy restrictions by the Communist Party, such as bans on fasting by party members, civil servants, teachers and students during Ramadan, as well as generally enforced bans on children attending mosques, women wearing veils and young men growing beards.


WHAT ARE SOME RAMADAN TRADITIONS?


Typically, the start of the month is welcomed with the greeting of "Ramadan kareem!" Another hallmark of Ramadan is nightly prayer at the mosque among Muslims called "taraweeh. "
Egyptians have the tradition of Ramadan lanterns called the "fanoos," often the centerpiece at an iftar table or seen hanging in window shops and from balconies. In the Arabian Gulf countries, wealthy families hold "majlis" where they open their doors for people to pass by all hours of the night for food, tea, coffee and conversation.
 Increasingly common are Ramadan tents in five-star hotels that offer lavish and pricey meals from sunset to sunrise. While Ramadan is a boon for retailers in the Middle East and South Asia, critics say the holy month is increasingly becoming commercialized. Scholars have also been disturbed by the proliferation of evening television shows during Ramadan. In Pakistan, live game shows give away gifts promoting their sponsors. In the Arab world, month-long soap operas starring Egypt's top actors, rake in millions of dollars in advertising.





HOW DO MUSLIMS MARK THE END OF RAMADAN?


The end of Ramadan is marked by intense worship as Muslims seek to have their prayers answered during "Laylat al-Qadr" or "the Night of Destiny." It is on this night, which falls during the last 10 nights of Ramadan, that Muslims believe that God sent the Angel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad and revealed the first versus of the Quran. 
The end of Ramadan is celebrated by a three-day holiday called Eid Al-Fitr. Children often receive new clothes, gifts and cash.
 Muslims attend early morning Eid prayers the day after Ramadan. Families usually spend the day at parks and eating — now during the day.

Source: arabnews.com